The Story Of How City Council Saved Richmond Mass Transit (And Rediscovered Leadership)

On February 8, 2016, Richmond City Council faced a historic decision on whether to approve the City administration’s BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) proposal for Broad Street. Council members were under a lot of pressure to do so. The corporate and development ‘community’ was pulling out all the stops to make this happen. They enlisted the help of an ‘anti-poverty’ campaign, the Partnership for Smarter Growth (PSG), and ‘young professionals’ to create a slick ‘astro-turf’ or ‘grass-top’ combo that declared BRT the first step towards better mass transit in RVA. Having won state and federal funding, buttressed by promises of hundreds of millions in ‘economic development’, the corporate and developers got the media to portray the GRTC BRT ‘Pulse’ proposal as inevitable, unquestionable, and unstoppable. To top it off, with a few favors pulled, even the Governor issued an unbecoming threat to take money away if BRT was not approved immediately.

In opposition to this speeding vehicle, a plucky and unique coalition of small business owners, neighborhood associations, N.A.A.C.P. activists, and citizens quickly formed to try to head off ‘the Pulse’. This group included members of City Council’s own GRTC Task Force who had resisted previous attempts to strong-arm endorsement of the BRT ‘Pulse’ proposal. The local N.A.A.C.P. expressed its concerns that the current BRT proposal was excluding current GRTC ridership and black East End communities. The local ‘PTB’ (Powers That Be) were furious with this grassroots group, which called itself the RVA Coalition for Smart Transit, and got the local media to wrongly cast them as being anti-progressive/NIMBY, selfish, and solely concerned about parking. Unshaken, the coalition answered back with strong questions about faulty ‘Pulse’ studies, misleading cost estimates, and lack of longterm financing. They reiterated their support for SMART mass transit and suggested an alternative plan. They pleaded with City Council to NOT make a hasty decision, to consider that the real deadline was not till September, and vote for a delay in approval.

To make a long story short, City Council surprised everyone that February night by agreeing to delay the BRT approval vote until August. How did this happen? One Councilperson listened and recognized the concerns of citizens. This Councilperson was part of a younger subset on Council that was tired of the Mayor’s administration’s incomplete and rushed projects. This Councilperson, who planned to eventually announce and run for Mayor, wanted distance from disastrous, wasteful, ill-planned proposals like the Shockoe baseball stadium and Redskins training camp. This Councilperson wanted to establish a new standard of leadership. This Councilperson followed the money arguments and made conclusions with individual attention. This Councilperson was then able to convey those conclusions and convince just enough colleagues to win the delay.

The immediate result was gnashing of teeth by ‘Pulse’ supporters. The anti-poverty campaign and PSG moaned about how mass transit was now doomed. The prominent family that owned the new downtown boutique hotel was visibly upset- one might say miffed even. The family’s patriarch threw a temper tantrum in the lobby of City Council chambers. Corporate special interest group Venture Richmond ‘leaked’ a memo to the media that questioned City Council’s ability to govern. The Mayor retreated to his church and and then to his vacation condo in Palm Beach. The Governor reiterated his bullying threat (but did not act on it). Henrico County officials publicly doubted their future support of BRT and GRTC in general.

But that, my friends, is far from the end of the story. As more days followed the Council vote, new, independent studies started coming out, ones that showed not only flawed projections, but also ways to make better BRT decisions. On top of that, new Federal data reports became known, which showed several missed checklists for ’the Pulse’ and revealed that the City was in danger of future lawsuits if it did not adjust its planning. A month after the vote, City Council was celebrated as a ‘check and balance’ that had adverted disaster. Buoyed by the new information as well as building on GRTC rerouting efforts, a contingency plan emerged from the depths of GRTC, one that had previously been buried, one that was more City-centric, and scaled back the BRT line and instead favored more of a circulator project. This high frequency circulator would touch on Carytown, museums, and Boulevard development to the west on one portion, and touch on Fulton, Church Hill, to the east on another portion. It’s east-west orientation reminded many Richmonders of the old trolley lines and gained favor. The new GRTC circulator plan, while continuing BRT elements, included other possibilities as well- offshoots that could better serve portions of Southside and further Northside, seasonal routes that would connect riders with the riverfront and festival areas.

And that is when suddenly the pent-up interest in mass transit surged. VCU President Dr. Rao, recognizing a sea change, and cognizant of VCU’s role as Richmond’s biggest employer and obviously largest entity on the Broad Street footprint, went to the VCU Board of Visitors with a rewrite of his previously tepid and weak support letter of the BRT project. In the new letter, he made a commitment to Richmond mass transit, BRT and/or circulator. He got the VCU Real Estate Foundation to consider what it could do in terms of land donation and financing support. Dr. Rao announced a real phase out of the private Groom Transportation shuttles and new cooperation with GRTC- as long as planners made a real effort to sit down with VCU planners. Furthermore, University of Richmond President Crutcher declared that U of R would use a small portion of its humungous endowment to double down on its investment in downtown. It would also commit to end its own private Groom Transportation contract and help financially support the GRTC circulator project along with a large increase in the route 6 connection to U of R. Virginia Union University, not to be left out, made its own commitment to utilize and support GRTC. With these new stakeholders coming on board, the longterm financing and ridership outlook for the BRT/circulator was more assured and Richmond taxpayers breathed sighs of relief.

But that’s not all…with more university students and City residents looking forward and excited by the new, reformed proposal, a new optimism and can-do attitude infected not just the City, but the RVA region. GRTC buses noticed new ridership, while building on old ridership. Small businesses wanted to work more with GRTC. Within a year of the vote, the N.A.A.C.P., ecstatic about new, permanent attention to East End mass transit, acknowledged a subtle but real positive change in race relations. Henrico County officials had a change of heart and suggested more, not less, investment in GRTC, as well as redoubled efforts for better bike/pedestrian infrastructure, and not just on the Broad Street corridor either. Perhaps more importantly, Henrico officials agreed to create an express GRTC shuttle from downtown Richmond to RIC airport, as well as a shuttle to Staples Mill Amtrak train station. Suddenly other regional cooperation became tangible (including a Boulevard ballpark and possibly another Amtrak station). Federal matching transportation funds became more possible. High speed rail dreams once again looked closer to becoming reality for the River City.

And the story just keeps going, because what really happened the night of February 8 was not just a sorely needed delay in a lackluster corporate developer-led plan masked in ‘feel good’, half-baked BRT, it was a signal, a real bleat of pulse, if you will, that Richmond’s government, for and by the citizens, was not dead. The Councilperson, the one that took the risk of going against the astro-turf, supposedly unstoppable, corporate campaign for the current BRT proposal, challenged the Mayor and Governor’s bullying, showed that wise leadership was still possible from City Council. That there was fiscal responsibility and care for taxpayers’ money. This Councilperson demonstrated that sincere support for BRT/better mass transit transcended the current proposal, that the haste was manufactured and totally unnecessary, and saw that better information, fiscal diligence, and more stakeholder involvement made all the difference. This Councilperson was later elected Mayor, and was loved by the citizens. This Councilperson made a lasting legacy. This Councilperson kept it real.

Railroad in The Penitentiary Basin

The Penitentiary Basin was dammed at the beginning of the 19th century, between Oregon Hill and Gambles Hill and below the Va. State Penitentiary. It served as an important turning basin for canal boats traveling the James River and Kanawha Canal. Canal boats offloaded supplies, and there was a canal boat building business in the Basin. The 1876 Beers Atlas shows the Basin below Oregon Hill at a time when canal boat traffic was being replaced by the more versatile railroads. In March 1880 the James River and Kanawha Company conveyed all of the canal property to the Richmond Alleghany Railroad, and the Penitentiary Basin soon was filled in and became a busy rail yard with turntable and machine shop. The 1889 Baist Atlas shows the remarkable transition from the previous decade as the extensive railroad infrastructure replaced the canal boat traffic. The water from the James River and Kanawha Canal continued to power the waterwheels at Tredegar Iron Works well into the 20th century. The attached photograph shows a steam engine beside the canal filling up with water from the tower located at the former Penitentiary Basin. Pratt’s Castle on Gambles Hill can be seen directly above the water tower. The former Penitentiary Basin is now owned by NewMarket Corporation, and it is hoped that they will be respectful of the rich history of this site.

Photo credits:
Canal/Railroad photo, Library of Virginia;
Baist Atlas, 1889, VCU Libraries;
Penitentiary Basin, Beers Atlas, 1876, Library of Congress

canal photo  (Library of Va.)Baist_Atlas_of_Richmond_VA_1889-Penitentiary basinPenitentiary Basin, 1876 Beers atlas

Letter To VCU President Rao On Bus Rapid Transit Debate

Email sent June 11 to VCU President Rao and City Councilperson Agelasto:

President Rao,

Thank you and the VCU Department of Community Development so much for hosting the VCU-Neighborhood Forum this afternoon. I do enjoy the chance to meet and discuss issues with the VCU administration.

As I brought up at the meeting, the Oregon Hill Neighborhood Association would appreciate it very much if the inappropriate billboard-style signs at Belvidere and W.Main and at Belvidere and Cumberland could be removed. We are hoping that more appropriate signage can be installed with the City’s cooperation and input. And I was very sincere when I complimented VCU for the fine work of its police force. It really has helped change VCU’s relationship with surrounding neighborhoods for the better.

But I am writing to you and Councilperson Agelasto to follow up on two of the more contentious issues at the meeting, namely, the Bus Rapid Transit proposal and increased parking pressures. You heard Jon Marcus of the W. Grace Neighborhood Association give his issues with the current BRT proposal. You also heard Councilperson Agelasto’s challenge to VCU in regard to supporting BRT (something that I brought up at last year’s VCU Monroe Park Neighborhood meeting).
After you left the meeting, many neighborhood representatives expressed concern about the impact of additional student units from a larger Gladding Residence Center on W. Main. Jennifer Hancock, OHNA’s President, noted to me after the meeting that even the Fan neighborhood, with all of its decals and controlled parking, is still very worried about VCU student parking.

I would like to offer a possible 2-in-one solution to both of these matters:

We all want BRT to succeed in offering better mass transit to Richmond residents and VCU students, even if many strongly disagree with the current proposal. Indeed, some of us are worried that if it fails, it will set back mass transit in Richmond for years. That said, the current proposal needs more attention. Citizens and businesses have legitimate criticisms that should be listened to and taken seriously.

Personally, I believe that without considerably more commitment and support from the county governments, the BRT proposal should be reoriented towards serving the City (and VCU) more by becoming part of a new, inner-city circulator proposal. GRTC says that it has not been able to gain any traction with a circulator in the past, but previous attempts have been unreliable and anemic, only serving small parts of downtown and barely impacting midtown. If VCU (and U of R, and VUU) worked with GRTC, I believe a much more robust and satisfying inner-city circulator could be developed that could serve citizens, tourists, and students. Imagine a strong loop that included a slightly reformed Broad Street BRT as well as Boulevard, Main Street Station and Shockoe Bottom, and the entire Cary Street corridor. This circulator idea would not preclude extending BRT into the counties, converting to light rail, or adding more connecting, regular GRTC bus routes now or in the future.

Such an inner city circulator could totally change perspective and thinking about the new Gladding Residence Center. We know that VCU students want access to downtown, other transportation options (Main Street Station), and Carytown shopping. This would give them access to those things and make it easier for students (and especially first-year GRC students) to live without cars on the Monroe campus. This would enable VCU to truly transform and brand the Broad Street corridor while also helping other portions of its campus, including and connecting south of Main and Monroe Ward. By supporting the circulator, VCU could live up to claims about investing in the City of Richmond and overall sustainability.

(At the risk of overreaching, I will add that, in regard to Main Street Station, the City should really give up on its wasteful Shockoe baseball stadium scheme and dust off former GRTC CEO John Lewis’ plan to turn the train depot shed into the downtown GRTC bus transfer station. That, along with a shuttle to the airport, would make Main Street Station truly multimodal transportation and help establish Shockoe Bottom as THE transportation center of the region if not the entire state. Any help you can give to nudging the City back on the right path towards this would be greatly appreciated.)

I look forward to hearing your thoughts on this and other matters.

Sincerely,
Scott Burger

In response, Councilperson Agelasto noted that City and GRTC is in the final “review of potentially reinstating bus service along the Main/Cary corridor between the James Center downtown and Carytown. If approved by the Federal Transportation Authority, this could be implemented this October.”

Riggan’s Canal-Blueway Plan

Phil Riggan, who now writes the “Why Richmond, Why?” column for the Richmond Times Dispatch, earlier this week presented his final project for his VCU studies, a plan for making the Kanawha Canal between Oregon Hill and Bosher’s Dam into a recreational ‘blueway” for the James River Park system.

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Click here for a copy of his presentation. A full written report/plan should be available in the near future after Riggan makes some final edits.

A couple of points about the plan- It was made with the help of the Friends of James River Park and the James River Outdoor Coalition. Nathan Burrell, the Director of James River Park, afterwards remarked that he thought it was actionable and doable now, as long as there was permission of stakeholders (CSX, Department of Public Utilities (DPU), and others) and available financial resources. It has already received letters of support from the James River Association and the Falls of the James Scenic River Advisory Committee.

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Riggan knows about the 1988 canal restoration plan (the one that Venture Richmond ignored) and says he has included it in his final report. It is noteworthy that his plan starts with “Mile 1” at the start of the North Bank Trail near the S. Cherry cul-de-sac, and not “Mile 0” near the Lee Bridge. Riggan’s plan recognizes that DPU needs to complete engineering in order to get the water level right for recreational traffic (elevation verified at 83 feet). Some Oregon Hill neighbors are suspicious that perhaps that was the real goal of the Tredegar Green amphitheater, to damage the historic Kanawha Canal to the point where now the terminus of the “rewatered” canal is at “Mile 1”. That said, Riggan’s plan comes from a recreational paddling sport perspective and if it is successful, it may increase pressure for FULLY renovating, re-watering, and re-connecting Richmond’s historic canals.